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CONSTITUTION OF INDIA

CONSTITUTION OF INDIA

WE, THE PEOPLE OF INDIA, having solemnly resolved to constitute India into a
[SOVEREIGN, SOCIALIST, SECULAR, DEMOCRATIC, REPUBLIC] and to secure to all its citizens:
JUSTICE, social, economic and political;
LIBERTY of thought, expression, belief, faith and worship;
EQUALITY of status and of opportunity; and to promote among them all;
FRATERNITY assuring the dignity of the individual and the [unity and integrity of the Nation];
IN OUR CONSTITUENT ASSEMBLY this twenty-sixth day of November, 1949, do HEREBY ADOPT, ENACT AND GIVE TO OURSELVES THIS CONSTITUTION.

1. Substituted. by the Constitution (Forty-second Amendment) Act, 1976, section. 2, for SOVEREIGN DEMOCRATIC REPUBLICw.e.f. 3-1-1977.
2. Substituted. by the Constitution (Forty-second Amendment) Act, 1976, section. 2, for unity of the Nation w.e.f. 3-1-1977.

CONTENTS

PART I : THE UNION AND ITS TERRITORY

PART II : CITIZENSHIP

PART III : FUNDAMENTAL RIGHTS

PART IV : DIRECTIVE PRINCIPLES OF STATE POLICY

PART V : THE UNION

CHAPTER I : THE EXECUTIVE

CHAPTER II : PARLIAMENT

CHAPTER III : LEGISLATIVE POWERS OF THE PRESIDENT

CHAPTER IV : THE UNION JUDICIARY

CHAPTER V : COMPTROLLER AND AUDITOR-GENERAL OF INDIA


PART VI : THE STATES

CHAPTER I : GENERAL

CHAPTER II : THE EXECUTIVE

CHAPTER III : THE STATE LEGISLATURE

CHAPTER IV : LEGISLATIVE POWER OF THE GOVERNOR

CHAPTER V : THE HIGH COURTS IN THE STATES

CHAPTER VI : SUBORDINATE COURTS


PART VII : THE STATES IN PART B OF THE FIRST SCHEDULE

PART VIII : THE UNION TERRITORIES

PART IX : THE PANCHAYATS

PART X : THE SCHEDULED AND TRIBAL AREAS


PART XI : RELATIONS BETWEEN THE UNION AND THE STATES

CHAPTER I : LEGISLATIVE RELATIONS

CHAPTER II : ADMINISTRATIVE RELATIONS


PART XII : FINANCE, PROPERTY, CONTRACTS AND SUITS

CHAPTER I : FINANCE

CHAPTER II : BORROWING

CHAPTER IV : RIGHT TO PROPERTY


PART XIV : SERVICES UNDER THE UNION AND THE STATES

CHAPTER I : SERVICES

CHAPTER II : PUBLIC SERVICE COMMISSION


PART XIVA : TRIBUNALS

PART XV : ELECTIONS

PART XVI : SPECIAL PROVISIONS RELATING TO CERTAIN CLASSES


PART XVII : OFFICIAL LANGUAGE

CHAPTER I : LANGUAGE OF THE UNION

CHAPTER II : REGIONAL LANGUAGES

CHAPTER III : LANGUAGE OF THE SUPREME COURT, HIGH COURTS, ETC.

CHAPTER IV : SPECIAL DIRECTIVES


PART XVIII : EMERGENCY PROVISIONS

PART XIX : MISCELLANEOUS

PART XX : AMENDMENT OF THE CONSTITUTION

PART XXI : TEMPORARY, TRANSITIONAL AND SPECIAL PROVISIONS

PART XXII : SHORT TITLE, COMMENCEMENT, AUTHORITATIVE TEXT IN


FIRST SCHEDULE

SECOND SCHEDULE

THIRD SCHEDULE

FOURTH SCHEDULE

FIFTH SCHEDULE

SIXTH SCHEDULE

SEVENTH SCHEDULE

EIGHTH SCHEDULE

NINTH SCHEDULE

TENTH SCHEDULE

ELEVENTH SCHEDULE

TWELFTH SCHEDULE